Each of Parker’s four flow divider / combiner versions can be used as a divider or combiner depending on the direction of flow. Two inter-locking spools allow for pressure compensated flow division and combination to be proportioned based on the selected ratio and flow range. When port 3 is supplied flow it is divided by a fixed ratio to work ports 2 and 4. For example, if a 50:50 ratio is selected half of the flow will exit port 2 and the other half will exit port 4. If the actuators have the same area or displacement they will operate at the same speed. If different actuator speeds are required, alternative ratios can be selected to supply different flows to each port. Ratios other than 50:50 can allow speed synchronization of two actuators that have different areas or displacements. The flow to each actuator port is proportional to the inlet flow based on the flow division ratio. When used as a combiner, flow applied to ports 2 and 4 is combined and the total flow exits port 3. The flow from the combiner inlet ports is pressure compensated and the flow ratio determines how much flow is allowed from each port. Just like the divider mode, the combiner mode allows for actuator speed variation or synchronization. Typical flow accuracy is +/- 10% between ports 2 and 4. When trying to synchronize 2 cylinders or motors, cross-port relief valves or balancing orifices can be used to help maintain tighter synchronization. Parker’s FDC101, L04A3, L06A3 and L1A300 flow divider / combiners operate in the same manner with each having a different maximum flow and multiple standard ratios and flow ranges. Typical applications and industries include cylinder synchronization, motor synchronization, flow partitioning, transmission differentials, construction, oil and gas, material handling, military, grinders, mixers, drills, snow blowers….